経済格差はますます広がっています。本書は経済成長、文化、テクノロジー、所得分布の相互関係を見ていき、この格差を生む主な要因を探っていきます。新説の分析も交えながら、今日の不公平な世の中を創り出した歴史的経緯を探り、世界の富というものを見ていきます。
  

• Takes a global look at the wealth and economic history of countries around the world
• Uses historical examples to show the strengths and weaknesses of state intervention in the economy
• Considers the various factors that influence economic growth, including culture, institutions, technology, the natural environment, income distribution, and the standard of living
• Exposes the historical processes that have created the unequal world we live in today
• Considers recent developments such as the 'great divergence' debate and empricial studies of economic growth by economists

Why are some countries rich and others poor? In 1500, the income differences were small, but they have grown dramatically since Columbus reached America. Since then, the interplay between geography, globalization, technological change, and economic policy has determined the wealth and poverty of nations. The industrial revolution was Britain's path breaking response to the challenge of globalization. Western Europe and North America joined Britain to form a club of rich nations by pursuing four polices-creating a national market by abolishing internal tariffs and investing in transportation, erecting an external tariff to protect their fledgling industries from British competition, banks to stabilize the currency and mobilize domestic savings for investment, and mass education to prepare people for industrial work. 

Together these countries pioneered new technologies that have made them ever richer. Before the Industrial Revolution, most of the world's manufacturing was done in Asia, but industries from Casablanca to Canton were destroyed by western competition in the nineteenth century, and Asia was transformed into 'underdeveloped countries' specializing in agriculture. The spread of economic development has been slow since modern technology was invented to fit the needs of rich countries and is ill adapted to the economic and geographical conditions of poor countries. A few countries - Japan, Soviet Russia, South Korea, Taiwan, and perhaps China - have, nonetheless, caught up with the West through creative responses to the technological challenge and with Big Push industrialization that has achieved rapid growth through investment coordination. Whether other countries can emulate the success of East Asia is a challenge for the future.