There is much discussion about global poverty and the billions of people living with almost nothing. Why is it that governments, development banks, think-tanks, academics, NGOs and many others can't just fix the problem? Why is it that seemingly obvious reforms never happen? Why are prosperity and equity so elusive?
Economic Development: What Everyone Needs to Know® brings readers right into the trenches of economic development to show what practitioners are actually doing and explains the issues, dilemmas, options, frustrations and opportunities they face, day in and day out. In straightforward language and a question-and-answer format, Marcelo M. Giugale outlines the frontier of the development practice or, as he puts it, "...the point at which knowledge stops and ignorance begins." He takes readers from why it is so difficult to get governments to function, to the basic policies that economies need to work well, the powerful new tools for social assistance, and the challenges of inclusion, education, health, infrastructure, technology, data, and foreign aid. The book draws examples from the world over, but pays particular attention to the region that represents development, and the need for it, better than any other: Africa.
Giugale gives no definitive, universal answers. They don't really exist. Rather, he highlights what works, what doesn't, and what's promising. But his overall message is clear: economic development, and the poverty reduction that goes with it, have never been more possible for more countries.
Introduction
Part I - Governments: One Day, They Will Work For You
1. Why Do Obvious Reforms Never Happen? The Political Economy of Things
2. How Will I Relate To My Government? The State and Me
3. Do We Really Care About Graft? Cairo, Corruption and Cultural Change
4. Why Can't We Stop Conflict? Violence and the Failure of Institutions
5. Are Natural Resources A Good Thing? Blessed by Nature, Cursed By Politics
Part II - Economic Policy: The Basics You've Got to Get Right
6. Has Economic Wisdom Changed? Macroeconomics Catches Up With Reality
7. A New, Wasted Bonanza? Commodities and that Uncomfortable Feeling of Wealth
8. Will Globalization End? A Different Kind of Trade
9. Why Is It So Difficult to Agree on Tax Reform?
10. How Do You Prepare For Another Global Crisis?
Part III - Social Policy: Old War, New Weapons
11. How Do We Help Now? The Lingering Global Crisis And The New Poor
12. Can We End Poverty?
13. Is There A Way To Measure Equity? The Human Opportunity Index
14. Why Are Statistics So Important? Poverty in the Era of Data
15. Who Really Benefits? Winners, Losers and The Beauty of Impact Analysis
Part IV - Inclusion: Those Who Are Always Left Behind
16. Will We Ever Live In Gender Parity? Women, Growth and Generational Change
17. Has Globalization Helped or Hurt Women?
18. Are Average Housewives Powerless? The Greatest Generation of Argentine Women
19. What Have Economists Learned About Indigenous Peoples?
20. Why Is Early Childhood Development So Difficult? The Child From Mozambique
Part V - Sectors: What Ministers Will Worry About-or Should
21. How Will Technology Shape The World of Tomorrow's Leaders?
22. How Will Tomorrow's Infrastructure Be Built?
23. Can Emerging Economies Have Universal Health Coverage?
24. Is There New Power In Entertainment Education?
25. How Do You Deal With Rising Food Prices?
Part VI - Africa: The Last Frontier
26. Is Africa's Emergence For Real?
27. Can Africa Be Defragmented?
28. Who Will Be Africa's Brazil?
29. Is There A Latin Solution to Africa's Problem?
30. How Have The World's Newest Nations Fared?
31. Can Africa Compete With China?
32. Can Africa Feed Africa?
Glossary
Suggested Further Reading
Index
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