精神病質、あるいはサイコパスと聞いて何を思い浮かべますか。この疾患に対する一般的な理解は非常に限られ、誤解も少なくないようです。しかし、サイコパスが皆、加虐的な連続殺人犯になるわけではなく、サイコパスではない凶暴な反社会的人格を持つ異常者も多数いるのです。最新の遺伝学、神経科学、心理学の知見を踏まえ、精神病質やそのリスクを抱える人をどのように診断するのかや、反社会的な振る舞いを示すその他の人との違いを説明し、予防や治療の可能性まで含めて展望します。
Psychopathy is a personality disorder that has long captured the public imagination. Newspaper column inches have been devoted to murderers with psychopathic features, and we also encounter psychopaths in films and books. Individuals with psychopathy are characterised in particular by lack of empathy and guilt, manipulation of other people and, in the case of criminal psychopathy, premeditated violent behaviour. They are dangerous and can incur immeasurable emotional, psychological, physical, and financial costs to their victims and their families.
Despite the public fascination with psychopathy, there is often a very limited understanding of the condition, and several myths about psychopathy abound. For example, people commonly assume that all psychopaths are sadistic serial killers or that all violent and antisocial individuals are psychopaths. Yet, research shows that most psychopaths are not serial killers, and, equally, there are plenty of antisocial and violent offenders who are not psychopaths. This Very Short Introduction gives an overview of how we can identify individuals with or at risk of developing psychopathy, and how they differ from other people who display antisocial behavior. Essi Viding also explores the latest genetic, neuroscience, and psychology evidence in order to illuminate why psychopaths behave and develop the way they do, and considers whether it is possible to prevent or even treat psychopathy.
Preface
1: Psychopathy: public lore and scientific reality
2: Explaining the lack of empathy
3: Explaining the failure to develop pro-socially
4: Why do some people become psychopaths?
5: What to do with a psychopath?
Further reading
Index
ISBN : 9780198802266
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