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Eugenics: A Very Short  Introduction [#495]
Eugenics: A Very Short  Introduction [#495]
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20世紀の初頭、自国民を改良・強化をするという発想が世界各地に存在しました。提唱者たちは優良な遺伝形質の保存・増加が、ひいては人類の苦しみの軽減につながると唱えました。その最たるものがナチスの人種政策です。こうした優生思想は今日、果たして完全に過去のものとなったのでしょうか。未だにその影響は感じられると著者は訴えます。
   

  • The first synthetic analysis of eugenics to adopt a global perspective
  • Explores often suppressed cases of eugenic practices in the United States
  • Debunks the myth that eugenics begins and ends with Nazism and the Holocaust
  • Reveals the effects of eugenics on current reproductive and genetic sciences

     
In 1883, Francis Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, coined the word "eugenics" to express his dream of perfecting the human race by applying the laws of genetic heredity. Adapting Darwin's theory of evolution to human society, eugenics soon became a powerful, international movement, committed to using the principles of heredity and statistics to encourage healthy and discourage unhealthy reproduction. Early in the twentieth century and across the world, doctors, social reformers, and politicians turned to the new science of eugenics as a means to improve and strengthen their populations. Eugenics advocates claimed their methods would result in healthier, fitter babies and would dramatically limit human suffering.
     
The reality was a different story. In the name of scientific progress and of human improvement, eugenicists targeted the weak and the sick, triggering coercive legislation on issues as disparate as race, gender, immigration, euthanasia, abortion, sterilization, intelligence, mental illness, and disease control. Nationalists eagerly embraced eugenics as a means to legitimize their countries' superiority and racialized assumptions, and the Nazis notoriously used eugenics to shape their "final solution."
     
In this lucid volume, Philippa Levine tackles the intricate and controversial history of eugenics, masterfully synthesizing the enormous range of policies and experiments carried out in the name of eugenics around the world throughout the twentieth century. She questions the widespread belief that eugenics disappeared after World War II and evaluates the impact of eugenics on current reproductive and genetic sciences. Charting the development of such controversial practices as artificial insemination, sperm donation, and population control, this book offers a powerful, extraordinarily timely reflection on the frequent interplay between genetics and ethics. Eugenics may no longer be a household word, but we feel its effects even today.

目次: 

Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1: The World of Eugenics
Chapter 2: Intelligence
Chapter 3: Reproduction
Chapter 4: Race, Class, and Gender
Chapter 5: Eugenics after 1945
References
Further Reading
Index

著者について: 

Philippa Levine is the Mary Helen Thompson Centennial Professor in the Humanities and the Co-Director of the Program in British Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. She is the co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics and she has published extensively on nineteenth- and twentieth-century British and British Empire history, as well as on science, sexuality, and medicine.

商品情報

ISBN : 9780199385904

著者: 
Philippa Levine
ページ
168 ページ
フォーマット
Paperback
サイズ
111 x 174 mm
刊行日
2017年01月
シリーズ
Very Short Introductions
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Eugenics: A Very Short  Introduction [#495]

Eugenics: A Very Short Introduction [#495]

Eugenics: A Very Short  Introduction [#495]