ISBN : 9780198776987
While it is possible for economies to grow based on abundant land or natural resources, more often structural change-the shift of resources from low-productivity to high-productivity sectors-is the key driver of economic growth. Structural transformation is vital for Africa. The region's much-lauded growth turnaround since 1995 has been the result of making fewer economic policy mistakes, robust commodity prices, and new discoveries of natural resources. At the same time, Africa's economic structure has changed very little. Primary commodities and natural resources still account for the bulk of the region's exports. Industry is most often the leading driver of structural transformation. Africa's experience with industrialization over the past thirty years has been disappointing. In 2010, sub-Saharan Africa's average share of manufacturing value added in GDP was ten per cent, unchanged from the 1970s. Actually, the share of medium- and high-tech goods in manufacturing production has been falling since the mid-1990s. Per capita manufactured exports are less than ten per cent of the developing country average. Consequently, Africa's industrial transformation has yet to take place. This book presents results of comparative country-based research that sought to answer a seemingly simple but puzzling question: why is there so little industry in Africa? It brings together detailed country case studies of industrial policies and industrialization outcomes in eleven countries, conducted by teams of national researchers in partnership with international experts on industrial development. It provides the reader with the most comprehensive description and analysis available to date of the contemporary industrialization experience in low-income Africa.
1 Carol Newman, John Page, John Rand, Abebe Shimeles, Mans Soderbom, and Finn Tarp: The Pursuit of Industry: Policies and Outcomes
Part I: Industrial Development in Africa
2 Mulu Gebreeyesus: Industrial Policy and Development in Ethiopia
3 Charles Ackah, Charles Adjasi, and Festus Turkson: Industrial Policy in Ghana: Its Evolution and Impact
4 Dianah Ngui, Jacob Chege, and Peter Kimuyu: Kenya's Industrial Development: Policies, Performance and Prospects
5 Antonio Sousa Cruz, Dina Guambe, Constantino Pedro Marrengula, and Amosse Francisco Ubisse: Mozambique's Industrial Policy: Sufficient to Face the Winds of Globalization?
6 Louis N. Chete, John Adeoti, Foluso Adeyinka, and Femi Oladapo Ogundele: Industrial Policy in Nigeria: Opportunities and Challenges in a Resource-Rich Country
7 Fatou Cisse, Ji Eun Choi, and Mathilde Maurel: Industrial Policy in Senegal: Then and Now
8 Jamal Msami and Samuel Wangwe: Industrial Development in Tanzania
9 Mohamed Ayadi and Wided Mattoussi: Tunisia: Industrial Policy in the Transition to Middle-Income Status
10 Isaac Shinyekwa, Julius Kiiza, Eria Hisali, and Marios Obwona: The Evolution of Industry in Uganda
Part II: Industrial Development in Emerging Asia
11 Sokty Chhair and Luyna Ung: Cambodia's Path to Industrial Development: Policies, Lessons, and Opportunities
12 Nguyen Thi Tue Ann, Luu Minh Duc, and Trinh Duc Chieu: The Evolution of Vietnamese Industry
13 Carol Newman, John Page, John Rand, Abebe Shimeles, Mans Soderbom, and Finn Tarp: Can Africa Industrialize?