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Addiction and Choice: Rethinking the Relationship

ISBN : 9780198727224

Price(incl.tax): 
¥10,593
Author: 
Nick Heather; Gabriel Segal
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Pages
512 Pages
Format
Hardcover
Size
171 x 246 mm
Pub date
Sep 2016
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The central problem in the study of addiction is to explain why people repeatedly behave in ways they know are bad for them. For much of the previous century and until the present day, the majority of scientific and medical attempts to solve this problem were couched in terms of involuntary behaviour; if people behave in ways they do not want, then this must be because the behaviour is beyond their control and outside the realm of choice. An opposing tradition, which finds current support among scientists and scholars as well as members of the general public, is that so-called addictive behavior reflects an ordinary choice just like any other and that the concept of addiction is a myth. The editors and authors of this book tend to take neither view. There has been an increasing recognition in recent literature on addiction that restricting possible conceptions of it to either of these extreme positions is unhelpful and is retarding progress on understanding the nature of addiction and what could be done about it. This book contains a range of views from philosophy, neuroscience, psychiatry, psychology and the law on what exactly this middle ground between free choice and no choice consists of and what its implications are for theory, practice and policy on addiction. The result amounts to a profound change in our thinking on addiction and how its devastating consequences can be ameliorated. Addiction and Choice is a thought provoking new volume for all those with an interest in this global issue.

Index: 

Section I: Introduction
1 Nick Heather: On defining addiction

Section II: PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS
2 Hanna Pickard and Serge H. Ahmed: How do you know you have a drug problem? The role of knowledge of negative consequences in explaining drug choice in humans and rats
3 Bennett Foddy: Addiction: the pleasures and perils of operant behavior
4 Owen Flanagan: Willing Addicts? Drinkers, Dandies, Druggies and other Dionysians
5 Thomas Crowther: Failures of Rationality and Self-Knowledge in Addiction
6 David Papineau and Patrick Butlin: Normal and Addictive Desires
7 Edmund Henden: Addiction, Compulsion, and Weakness of the Will: A Dual-Process Perspective
8 Nick Heather: Addiction as a form of akrasia

SECTION III: PERSPECTIVES FROM NEUROSCIENCE
9 Richard Holton: Compulsion and choice in addiction
10 Marc D. Lewis: Choice in Addiction: A Neural Tug-of-War Between Impulse and Insight
11 Scott J. Moeller and Rita Z. Goldstein: Assessing drug choice in human addiction: Costs, benefits, and findings from current research paradigms
12 Nasir H. Naqvi and Antoine Bechara: The role of the insula in goal-directed drug seeking and choice in addiction

SECTION IV: PERSPECTIVES FROM BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS AND COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
13 George Ainslie: Palpating the elephant: Current theories of addiction innlight of hyperbolic delay discounting
14 Howard Rachlin: Addiction as social choice
15 W. Miles Cox, Eric Klinger, Javad S. Fadardi: Nonconscious motivational influences on cognitive processes in addictive behaviors
16 Andrew J. Vonasch, Heather M. Maranges, and Roy F. Baumeister: Self-regulation, controlled processes, and the treatment of addiction

SECTION V: IMPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT, PREVENTION, AND PUBLIC HEALTH
17 Beth Burgess: The Blindfold of Addiction
18 James G. Murphy, Ashley A. Dennhardt, and Ali M. Yurasek: Behavioral Economics as a Framework for Brief Motivational Interventions to Reduce Addictive Behaviors
19 Jalie A. Tucker, Susan D. Chandler, and JeeWon Cheong: Role of Choice Biases and Choice Architecture in Behavioral Economic Strategies to Reduce Addictive Behaviors
20 Gabriel M. A. Segal: How an Addict's Power of Choice is Lost and can be Regained

SECTION VI IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF ADDICTION AND FOR LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR
21 Gene M. Heyman and Verna Mims: What addicts can teach us about addiction: A natural history approach
22 Beth Burgess: How a stigmatic structure enslaves addicts
23 Stephen J. Morse: Addiction, Choice and Criminal Law

SECTION VII CONCLUSIONS
24 Gabriel M. A. Segal: Ambiguous terms and false dichotomies
25 Nick Heather: Overview of addiction as a disorder of choice and future prospects

About the author: 

Nick Heather is Emeritus Professor of Alcohol & Other Drug Studies at Northumbria University. After working as a clinical psychologist in the NHS, he developed the Addictive Behaviours Research Group at the University of Dundee. In 1987 he became founding Director of the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre at the University of New South Wales. He returned to the UK in 1994 as Consultant Clinical Psychologist at the Newcastle City Health NHS Trust and as Director of the Centre for Alcohol and Drug Studies. He took up his present position on retirement from the NHS in 2003. He has published over 500 scientific articles, books, book chapters and other publications, with an emphasis on the treatment of alcohol problems and alcohol brief interventions.; Gabriel Segal has a B.A. in Philosophy (first class honours) from University College London (1981), a B. Phil. (with overall distinction) from the University of Oxford (1983) and a PhD in Philosophy from M.I.T. (1987). He was Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin-Madison (1987-89). He was Lecturer, Reader, then Professor of Philosophy at King's College, London (1989-present) and was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Reading (2012-2103). He is author (with Richard K. Larson) of Knowledge of Meaning: An Introduction to Semantic Theory MIT Press (1995); A Slim Book about Narrow Content, MIT Press (2000) and Twelve Steps to Psychological Good Health and Serenity: a Guide, Grosvenor House Publishing (2013).

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